How is Global Warming Effecting Hurricanes Essay

As we all know oceans cover about 70% of the Earth’s surface and typically the principle component of hydrosphere and contain roughly 97% of the Earth’s water supply. It plays very important role in the Earth’s climate by transferring warm as well as cold air and precipitation to coastal regions, where they may be carried inland by winds. The winds give energy to the sea surface that result in ocean currents. The currents carry heat from one location to another, changing the Earth’s surface temperature patterns and bring in changes in the atmosphere. Hence, ocean has a tremendous affect on climates and visa-versa. The thermohaline circulation of the ocean distributes heat energy between the equatorial and Polar Regions of the earth while other ocean currents do the same between land and water. However, today with the increase in the emissions of greenhouse gases, scientists and environmentalists are equally concerned that the polar ice caps could probably melt and contribute to the increase in ocean level. In recent years global warming is linked by many to the strength and number of hurricane. This is a research paper on a â€Å"CASE ANALYSIS† of a crisis we are facing with global warming and how it is affecting hurricanes. There are several studies that show that in the past years temperature has risen on the globe including the ocean temperature. Incidentally, during these years the number of hurricanes has also risen. This is the basic reason that scientists began to think if the increase in temperature is causing the disaster of hurricanes which need warm water to thrive. A few scientists also think that the temperature increase could also cause a â€Å"super-hurricanes† or the ultimate hurricanes in the U. S. east coast shores. It is predicted that these hurricanes will be more powerful than the once experienced till now (personal. psu. edu, N. D. ). Before we get into the details of how global warming can result in stronger and increasing number of hurricanes, it is important to understand what is global warming. Global Warming Global Warming as the word suggest is an increase of the global average temperature and is also termed as Greenhouse Effect. In general, the greenhouse gases include water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxides which are responsible to trap heat that has been reflected from the earth’s surface. Scientific studies provide enough proof that on an average, the global temperature has increased 0. 5 °C over the last 100 years. However, there was a rapid increase in temperature only in the past 10-15 years and has resulted in climate changes (personal. psu. edu, N. D. ). The sea interacts with the atmosphere in two different methods, physically and chemically. The physical way is through the exchange of heat, water, and momentum. More than 70 percent of the Earth’s surface is covered by ocean and contains about 97 percent of its surface water and stores huge amounts of energy in the form of heat. Besides, the sea has comparatively large temperature resistance to change. Today, it is understood that the biological and physical performance of the ocean can change rapidly over minute and large areas. It usually decides the timing and models of climate change. When the heat increases over the ocean it escapes to warm the atmosphere and creates temperature variation in the atmosphere which in turn causes winds. As a result, winds move horizontally over the sea surface to drive ocean motion patterns. The variations in temperature and salinity cause vertical ocean currents which makes the warmer, fresher waters flow upwards as colder, denser or saltier water tends to move down. Eventually, a complex flow pattern is created through which the warm surface waters move pole ward where heat escapes fast to outer space, as cold, deep currents are established in the sea depths. Because of this complex ocean circulation movement system, the oceans and atmosphere get together to distribute heat and control climate. As this movement conveys huge amounts of heat and as a result more moderate climates on land areas that are nearer the ocean. It is not surprising to note that man’s increasing needs have simultaneously increased the load of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The burning of fossil fuels releases many harmful pollutants particularly the greenhouse gases into the atmosphere and contributes global warming. Increases of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere increases the earth’s temperature and results in malting of glaciers and ice sheets (Meehl, et al. 2005).

Literature Review on Employment/Labour Turnover Essay

Literature Review An employee is a particular individual that was hired by an employer to perform a certain task or a job. It’s the duty and the responsibility of the employee to perform the tasks that are being directed towards him/her by the employer and the employer must ensure that in return the employee is properly appraised for performing the task well. Employee appraisal is a vital part of the relationship between the employee and the employer. Employee appraisal is a source of motivation provided by the employer towards the employee to show whatever that he/she is doing or have already done is being appreciated by the company and that they wants the employee to keep up his/hers good performance. A well satisfied employee is always looking forward to perform much better day in day out and is willing work for the employer as long as he/she can. A demotivated employee’s enthusiasm is much lesser than a motivated employee’s enthusiasm. Enthusiastic behavior at workplace not le ads up to great individual performance; it also enlightens the other individual that surrounds the particular enthusiastic employee. A less friendly workplace can be bad for such individual’s, maybe even the management’s harsh work ethic’s or the work load that is being diverted towards the employee’s from the top management can ruin the enthusiastic atmosphere of a work place. These sorts of phenomena’s can lead up to employee turnover. There are two known types of employee turnover scenarios that can occur within an organization. Involuntary turnover is the turnover that occurs for employee termination, absenteeism or due to violations of the workplace policies. Voluntary turn occurs when and employee leaves a particular organization on his/hers own accord. In such incidents the employee can have number of reasons for leaving the particular organization. Employee turnover is derived to be bad for the performance of an organization. Researches have been conducted throughout the years to sort out the effects of employee turnover by many researchers worldwide. Such as, A Meta-Analysis of Antecedents and Correlates of Employee Turnover by Rodger .W Griffeth, Peter W. Hom and Stefan Gaertner (Year of 2000) The researchers started off with searching all published articles related to predictor turnover-relationships in the year of 1990’s with the use of computerized sources. They also researched organizational sciences with the use of various books written under the particular subject. And decided to add the  public correlations that were found out as solutions if they were to meet the criteria that is given below, 01. Actual turnover (except for the job leavers) was assessed 02. The study used a predictive design that collects predictor measures before Turnover occurrence. 03. Turnover was measured at the individual level of analysis Through their research they were able to find out that the reasons behind the employee turnover was mostly, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, job search, comparison of alternatives, withdrawal cognitions, and quit intentions. â€Å"Employee Turnover-a Study of its Causes and Effects to Different Industries in Bangladesh – Rezaul Hasan Shumon† In this particular research the researcher have considered analyzing some major factors that he thinks that plays a major role in causing employee turnover. The economy, characteristics of the job, demographics, the person, a bad match between the employee’s skills, lack of opportunity for advancement or growth, feelings of not being appreciated, inadequate or lackluster supervision and training and unequal or substandard wage structures. Through this research the researcher was able to find many causes for employee turnover, they are, irregular payment, less salary, improper management, job location, better job option and insufficient medical allowance is the causes that were found out to be the major reasons for employee turnover. And the researcher suggested some solutions that were voted the most by the employees as solutions that they prefer the most. Such as, Standard salary structure, standard increment and medical facilities were amongst the top three voted solutions b y the employees. Harris at al. (2002) According to Harris’s research, he came up with a theory stating that higher employee turnover rate of a firm, lower the rate of the firm’s ability to provide incentives to its employees, and ultimately it affects the firm by reducing its productivity. He also found out that the theory of job matching  postulates that turnover is a solution for both the employees and the employers can adapt to in order to avoid being restricted in sub-optimal matches. He also states that the issue of trying maintain the workforce stability and flexibility on an even scale is way too much of pressure to handle that it will easily point out the rise of an optimal turnover rate.

Alternatives on Making Better Homes

Turbular Skylight Skylight is a solution for buildings that may be exposed to sunlight, with no openings on the sides and back. However, the skylights used at home are slightly different than usual. The skylight is in the center of the building and extends from the front to the back. Under the skylight there is a blank area to separate the left and right of the building mass. As you enter the house, skylights will draw attention sooner especially during the day. Did you know that there are other ways to deic or ice off lanes and sidewalks that you find or create at home? It is more convenient and economical than buying rock salt at a shop. Some are environmentally friendly. Please look at your cabinet this winter and use your own homemade cryoprotectant to slide the ice. You can sprinkle a thin layer of cold salt, not cold salt. The chemical reaction between salt and water generates heat, which lowers the freezing point of water in the snow. Since it may harm grass and plants in the spring, be careful when using large amounts of salt. A safer alternative is Epsom salt, but it is time consuming and more expensive If you can manage it, leaving your car at home will bring a lot of financial and environmental awareness. There are nine ways to move a short distance here - shops, friends, beaches, others etc. (Alternatives to commuting are themselves topics and we will promote it on a different day.) Walking speed is surprisingly fast. If you are walking: You will never be trapped behind a parking city bus, you do not need to worry about stopping your car at stop-and-go traffic. A dorm There are two basic principles to keep in mind when creating alternatives. First of all, the choice you make will never be better than the best choice you have to choose Secondly, you can not choose an alternative that you are not thinking about. When you consider deciding, you want to say that you have created an innovative list of alternatives. Think outside the box and repeat severa l original alternatives to better choices. There are too many bad alternatives in your list that are far better than not having enough substitutes. At the end of the day, it is much easier to make a good decision if you want to make a decision between several good choices.

Ecommerce law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ecommerce law - Essay Example Suppliers, on the other hand, are limited to bring a dispute only in the MS of the consumer's domicile (Art. 162). These rules are not limited by the 'means' that the contract was concluded (Art 151c), such that it covers contracts concluded electronically, extending the protection to e-consumers. English Common Law, on the other hand holds that the choice of law will be that chosen by the parties6 unless it is not bona fide or illegal7 and can only be overridden by the mandatory rules under the Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977 272. The absence of a choice of law, in this sense renders the country with the closest connection applicable.8 Under the Rome Convention (Convention), since it can apply to disputes regardless if the parties are members of a contracting state to the convention (Art 2); "a contract shall be governed by the law chosen by the parties" (Art 31). ... In the United Kingdom, these are set by the Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977, as well as precedents in Common Law. In all three laws, the applicable law will be that chosen by the parties. However, under the three laws, for the rules regarding the absence of a choice of law to be enforced, it is required that 'steps necessary for the conclusion of the contract,' as well as 'specific invitation' or 'previous advertising' are conducted in a country for that country's rules to be applicable (Convention, Art 52; Regulation, Art 133a; Unfair Contract Terms Act 272).9 These provisions, however, entail certain problems. First, the lack of clear definitions regarding fundamental concepts, such the word 'professionals' for both the Regulation and the Convention; and the definition of 'goods and services' under Art 5 1 of the Convention, which does not cover the sale of software as well as content downloads, are bound to create jurisdictional problems for consumers. Second, with regard to the Convention, the rules are not flexible enough to cover changes in the geographic location of the consumer (Art 5 4), which are common in online transactions. This is in contrast to Art 15 1c of the Regulation, where the directed activity concept caters to changes in the consumer's geographic location, provided that they are within the target audience of the professional; which unfortunately is rendered problematic due to lack of legal definition of 'professional', as mentioned above. Third, the consumer is also in danger of losing the protection of his domicile' s 'mandatory rules' as stated in Art 72 due to the requirement in Art 52 that the supplier must first indicate intent to reach a certain market to be applicable, illustrating inflexibility. Last, with

Land law coursework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Land law coursework - Essay Example This certificate and the registration as the new owner of the property award him all the rights of the house (Dowden 4). His interests in this case are therefore beneficial interests since he is the proprietor of the instrument and hence the legal owner. In case of any court cases, the registration and the transfer of the certificate of registration and ownership will be proof enough of his binding interests in the property above all the others and it overrides the interests of all. Once the ownership rights have been transferred to him, it is up to him therefore to decide what to do with rest of the people who were intertwined with Abigail especially Thomas (her father) and Michael (the tenant). Thomas is a trustee of Abigail in the registered land and he therefore has his own overriding interests in the land and its instruments. His overriding interests in that property are brought about by the fact that the registrar did not record his interests or agreements with his daughter whe n transferring the property from Gareth and this is according to s 78 of the LRA 2002. Thomas assisted Abigail with one fifth of the payment money required to purchase Heavenly Mews and they drafted an express trust. The form of express trust drafted however was not revealed and hence the interest which Thomas has in the instrument is not known. There are different forms of trust which according to English Law may have been drafted in this scenario by the father and daughter. These trusts must have to mention the beneficiary since it is not a charitable trust that Thomas drafted with his daughter. The interest which Thomas may have on the property of Abigail being a trustee may however not be granted or addressed by the courts. This is because according to the Variation of Trusts Act of 1958, the court lacks power to consent trust ascertained to an individual who is suijuris that is the one who is above the age of consent and who is of sound mind like Abigail (Dowden 64). If the cas e of Savill v Goodall [1993] 1 FLR 755 is to be followed, then Thomas would have claimed his share of the money paid for the house since there was an express trust agreement. The fact that Thomas stayed on and off with his daughter Abigail before she sold the property does not have any effect on the interest according to the act and hence is also not admissible court. The interest therefore remains to be null and void unless Stephen who is the bona fide owner of the property instrument decides to share it or enter into joint tenancy or ownership with him (but it is not a must). The other person who may have an interest on the property once Abigail has sold it is Michael who was a tenant of Abigail for around two months before she sold the house to Stephen. There is no mention of any formality being written that explains the tenancy terms of Michael and Abigail. The case does not state whether the tenancy had commenced or it was to commence in less than three months. In the event tha t it was to commence in less than three months, then the interest will be considered as override interest. If the tenancy in this case was an actual occupation, Michael will have an interest according to Sch 3 para 2 as in the case Abbey National BS v Cann [1991]. If he has this interest, the Stephen will have to assume

Why Age Restrictions Should Be Enforced in Pageants Term Paper

Why Age Restrictions Should Be Enforced in Pageants - Term Paper Example The Boulder Police fell under intense criticism for their failure to solve the case and Jon Benet’s wealthy parents were scrutinized and questioned extensively, with the media and many members of the public suggesting that one of the family had committed the crime. One of the aspects of the Ramseys’ previously quiet life was the strange and relatively unknown spectacle of beauty pageants aimed at very young girls. Jon Benet’s mother Patsy not only enrolled her daughter in pageants across the country, she also used her own wealth to fund some of them. The media and public alike were horrified to learn little girls (and boys), sometimes as young as babies, were paraded like their teenaged and adult counterparts. This included makeup and skimpy outfits, including swimsuits. CBS Anchor Dan Rather called the very airing of historical footage showing the little girl â€Å"kiddie porn† (Rich) and it was suggested by more than one person that a pedophile had broke n into the house and killed her, as some sexual trauma was evidenced. Investigators are now pretty much convinced that neither pedophilia nor the pageants themselves had anything to do with the homicide. Yet the damage was done and what was once a subject that only a small percentage of the American public knew anything about suddenly became front page news. The parents of the contestants were the ones who were criticized the most, as well as it should be, for they were the ones who enrolled their tiny divas and pushed them hard to succeed. Again quoting John Rich, at the time of the sensational killing, the kids’ pageant production was a billion dollar industry with 3,000 contests and 100,000 contestants annually. Critics were harsh and very little if any positive publicity was generated about the pageants in the months following the girl’s death. With that much negative exposure, one would expect the child beauty pageants would have withered and died shortly thereaft er. Flash forward more than fifteen years since Jon Benet’s death. She would now be twenty-one years old, the optimum age for either a Miss USA/Miss Universe pageant or a New York runway model. But have child beauty pageants been pushed to the annals of history? No, by no means. One of the most popular shows on Cable’s The Learning Channel (TLC) is Toddlers and Tiaras and episodes are broadcast several times a week. The television show has been on since September 2008 and has been renewed for at least another season. Another show along the same lines was the (presumably) now defunct Little Miss Perfect that aired on another cable channel WE-TV. So why did one show triumph while another failed? It could be said that Discovery Networks (the parent company of TLC) had enough finances and experience to put behind their show and fledgling WE didn’t. Watching various episodes of Toddlers and Tiaras, it is very much evident that TLC puts glitz along with glamour and vo iceovers and expert evaluations, whereas Little Miss Perfect evidently just showed the contestants two at a time. As cable networks often do, on Wednesday, April 25, 2012, TLC had a marathon showing of its fifth season of Toddlers and Tiaras. A rerun airing of the show â€Å"Darling Divas - New York†, showed exactly how far over the top these kids and their parents go just to win a measly prize (The top prize in Brooklyn was $300). Little girls and their mothers were having meltdowns on camera. For instance, one mother, so upset that her dear little one got stage-fright and froze in front of the judges, literally pushed the cameras away and said she was very much angry with this child, who couldn’t have been more than four. The girls were all between

WRITTEN PAPER Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

WRITTEN PAPER - Essay Example Given the nature of options available, the selection of role model for the given field will be Oprah Winfrey. Being a gifted and talented personality herself, various attributes of given global context such as emergence of feminism and counter culture, technological advancement and development of tabloid talk shows as an accepted genre, allowed her to progress well in her career. Oprah Winfrey managed to emerge as a leading brand name from a local radio station to a news channel and then the TV show having a viewership of millions per episode (Garson, 2004). Despite a troubled childhood, Oprah began working as an anchor in the local TV station however the monotony offered by this position pushed her to move foreword to another chat show with declining ratings. Her communication style and ability to relate to audience made the ratings spiked within months. The resultant was a creation of a leading TV show which was her own product called the Oprah Winfrey show that ran for over twenty five years (Garson, 2004). Another important name on her credentials is The Oprah Winfrey book club whose credibility has driven many authors and their work to top selling charts (Ward, 2011). Other than that, she has also worked in several movies as well. Although Oprah appears to be a media person however her PR strategies and ability to promote transparent journalism are some of the traits required for being an effective international communication strategist or a policy maker for global clients. After using TV as a medium for leaving her mark, she moved onto print media and has launched a women’s magazine with the name O followed by a launch of a radio station. It can be seen that Oprah has fully utilized all media at the right times to reach her viewers. However, more than the selection of right media at the right time, she has presented herself as a media personality who is reliable and responsible and can be trusted by audience. Her major

Hispanic American Diversity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 3

Hispanic American Diversity - Essay Example Within this umbrella term â€Å"Hispanic† there are various sub groups, usually defined by the origins of the first immigrants to the USA. Mexicans form the largest group, who make up more than half of the total, followed by the Puerto Ricans, who make up about a 10%, and then the Cubans who only represent about 3.5%. The situation is complicated by the often vague definitions and usage of the two words â€Å"Hispanic† and â€Å"Latino† or â€Å"Latina† which sometimes refer to different groups, and sometimes are used interchangeably. For the purposes of this paper the term â€Å"Hispanic Americans† will be used to refer to all those who share the cultural heritage which originated in Spain and was transported to the southern parts of the American continent. Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans and Cuban Americans are terms used to refer to people whose family origins are clearly from those particular countries. The term Latino American will be used to refer to those who have some connection with the Hispanic culture which is not specifically tied to the above named three groups. Many third and fourth generation Mexicans, and Puerto Ricans and other Hispanic Americans have parents from more than one cultural heritage, or themseleve marry into different cultural groups and absorb much of mainstream American culture. These people lose their specific cultural ties to the home of their older relatives but many of them still retain elements of a more generalised Hispanic culture. This last group will be referred to as â€Å"Latino Americans†. Relations between the USA and Mexico have been been economically tied together from the very beginning. In the first half of the twentieth century Mexicans arrived in large numbers seeking a better life and at first their focus was to recreate their homeland family and religious life in the cities of the southern states of America. The Depression of the 1920s resulted in rates of immigration being curbed for a time, and this allowed

Executive summaries of The Accounting Wizardry Behind Banks Strong Essay

Executive summaries of The Accounting Wizardry Behind Banks Strong Earnings - Essay Example This followed after a further review of the latter. It was noticed that up to 31% of JPM’s profits of the financial year 2013 averaging $5.6 billion and 10% of WFC’s profits gained the same year amounting to $2.2 billion were not realistically earned. That money accrued came from the two bank’s loan-loss reserves. Loan-loss reserves, as mentioned, are set aside by the banks’ lenders given a financial crises is prevalent or when the U.S. economy is on the worst side. This goes hand in hand with the inflation projections on the economy with consumers experiencing hard times in financing their mortgages, credit card bills and other loans. Evidently, according to Josh Rosner, a Graham Fisher industry analyst based in New York, running out of reserves makes it in order to cuts costs on loans. It is imperative to note that one of the effects of this is the depreciation in the growth in revenue. Bank of America (BOA), which is ranked fourth among the largest American banks, flaunts turning losses into profits as a result of offsetting the loan-loss reserves. Since 2010, BOA had accrued losses of up to $11.8 billion, but from embracing change, it has surpassed all the setbacks and seen profits up to $11.4 billion on the better side. Additionally, Citigroup (C), which reported enormous profits of $40.4 billion about the same time, would have gained half of what their income was disregarding the accounting benefits. Evidently, when BOA was relying on reserves, profits were not well off in comparison to when they would not have used the boost from the reserves. In 2009, BOA would have realized profits of up to $55 billion were it not for the $48.6 billion reserve money they owed. On the same breathe, profits from other banks, which relied on their reserves during inflation were affected accordingly. It was noted that despite bank earnings poor performance, investors notably still embraced

Time Capsule Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Time Capsule - Essay Example The following six tracks selected are as follows. The Baroque era constitutes a significant shift in music style. One of the most notable composers of this era is Johann Sebastian Bach. While there were a great variety of Bach’s works the selection committee considered, Bach’s composition ‘Sonata no 1’ a characteristic example of his work. This track combines violin and harpsichord in a level of instrumental complexity and poignancy that at the time had not yet been experienced in the history of music. While ostensibly non-secular this music seemingly transcends such categorizations as it exhibits pure musical poignancy. In these regards, there is a sort of mysterious quality to the track that places it at a level of great interest and intrigue to listeners. In addition to these sonic qualities the committee considered that Bach has significant historical importance both for his power compositions as well as the tremendous influence he had on future musicians. His influential nature and iconic historical importance factored greatly into the committee’s selection of this composition for the time capsule. Furthermore, Bach’s harpsichord concertos are recognized by scholars as among the first concertos for the keyboard instrument ever written (Bukofzer 2008). Another notable Baroque era composer selected for the time capsule was Jean Baptiste Lully, with his ‘Symphonie’ the selected work. While Bach’s work was slightly subtle, this composition is highly bombastic with patriotic or nationalistic overtones in its upbeat melody; in these regards, it could fit perfectly in a state or crown sponsored event (Bukofzer 2008). There were a number of factors that led to the committee’s decision. In addition to Lully’s seminal historical importance to the Baroque era, this composition has withstood the test of time and its sonorous, yet patriotic qualities are

Monopoly Review Essay Example for Free

Monopoly Review Essay 1. What character did you choose from the available choices? Why? What are the pros and cons of choosing this character in the game? The character I pick was pat the plastic surgeon because she makes a lot of money the pros are that she makes a lot of money and the cons are that he life is work. 2. What housing and car option did you choose? Why? I pick the mansion because she makes a lot of money. 3. How much money did you allocate for the characters retirement and paying off debts? Were you successful in management the money so that the character has some disposable income? I allocated 2785 to pay off debts yes I was successful to management the money so that the character has some disposable income 4. How do the changes in the game from year to year reflect real-life economics? Changes in the game from year to year is reflect of real life economies by how money is spend from for thing here and there and you can get in debt 5. What was your ending net worth? How many years can you exist on your current salary with your current salary? My ending net worth was about 22456871135 I think it was that it was about 6 years with the salary of 75000 or something like that. 6. What do you think you did well in the game? What do you think you could improve in regards to managing the characters money? That the end I have no debt I think I did great it no being in debt I could improve is to save more money and not to spend money Play the game again, but using a different character. 7. What character did you choose for the second game? Compare and contrast the situations of the first and second characters. The first time I play tis game I got a debt free at the end of the game and I got to retire in 6 year if I save my money my hole life and the second time I played it 8. How did your strategy differ between the games? Did you change the way that you did anything? I didn’t really had a strategy thought out the game but I thought how it would change the way I look at thing thought out the game 9. Did the differing levels of income, debt, and lifestyle expenses influence the choices that you made? Why or why not? yes the differing levels of income and debt was a influence the choices that I made because of the spend of money and the people who are out there trying to get my money 10. What can you learn from this game about managing your own finances? I learn that everything you do like spending money is finances impact every on a pack of gum.

History of the Punctuation of English Writing Essay Example for Free

History of the Punctuation of English Writing Essay A few examiners face off regarding that the soonest codification of English started in the sixteenth century through the production of punctuations and lexicons the vast majority of which are bound to instruct the English dialect edges zones for the most part after the Union demonstration of 1536 amongst Ribs and Britain. The standard English was on a very basic level arranged between the sixteenth and seventeenth hundreds of years. The codification operation was described with three fundamental impacts which were basic. *The lords English as the legal and administrative dialect. *Literary English which was as the legal and administrative dialect. *The English of instruction and church or for the most part demonstrate as \Oxford English\. There was no reason for which the state was locked in. The codification operation additionally impacted the talked type of the English standard English. The got articulation was in a general sense systematized through training influence particularly that of nineteenth-century state-funded schools, pursue from the twentieth century by TV, silver screen and radio. It is fathomed that around 3 to 5 percent of the English turn to speak Got Elocution today. Authorizing of Word-references The expanding utilization of composed dialect framed the need materials that presented the requirement for materials that delineated the type of the dialect, in a way that could be gazed upward by every one of the people that required data about the English dialect. This was at first implied for individuals who are non-local speakers, however, later on, the English local speakers that needed to think about the cutting edge and grew some portion of the dialect likewise searched for such materials. The underlying lexicons were in a general sense a rundown of arduous words. This on a very basic level included the rundown of present-day \ advance words\ that was from the established dialect and the cutting edge English states abroad. By the nineteenth century, word reference composing was on a very basic level perceived movement, and the researchers were being dispatched by various distributors to compose such materials (Kemmer,2009). Different places in Europe, dialect foundations were being based in order to arrange and furthermore lithograph every one of the types of the dialect. By the by, thusly was not received in the zones which communicate in English, and there was never a perceived foundation for institutionalization in either USA or UK. The word reference embraced pretty much a descriptivist demeanor that is new and was at conflicts with the previous prescriptive supposition of the prior lexicon makers. Johnson perceived change as an ordinary operation and rejected any change as a debasement (Hitchings,2005). Afterward, the Samuel Johnson word reference started to build up, the spelling framework was at that point conspicuous same as that new English with relatively couple of orthographic attributes. Then again, political freedom in the US paves the way to battle for recognizing social elements. In this way, Noah Webster, thought of a lexicon included regional, Americans based their definitions to be known and contrast from the English. Noah Webster started to make his own word reference incorporated some American-lingos definitions. This gives the needed orthographic contrast without changing the critical conjoint clearness. He on a very basic level consolidates the utilization of \ize\ rather than \ise\ for the verbs and the expulsion postfix u in the addition \- our\ (Kemmer,2009). The Criteria for Incorporating Words in the Lexicon By the time, a considerable measure of words and terms in English dialect create and in this way the real lexicon do monitor such words to decide to those that are not pleasing. This passage will investigate how the Oxford word reference takes out this activity. The Oxford College press has the greatest and colossal dialects look into program far and wide. The most foremost exporters are the Oxford Perusing Project and the English Corpus. The Corpus on a very basic level contains archives that have been sourced from the sites while the perusing program shows to electronic gathering selections and citations on a very basic level towed from a decent variety of famous deception, songwriting, and logical magazines. The OUP keeps tracking the two projects to be permitted to track new words which go to the English dialect. In light of having verification or guide that another word is utilized by different sources, not just by one individual or creator, subsequently, the world turns into a choice for the consideration into the establishment\s lexicons In the earlier hundreds of years, a great deal of the lexicons was restricted of a rundown of words that most creators thought it is useful, even that there is no confirmation could exhibit or demonstrate that individuals had utilized some time recently. An individual summons is not capable or permitted in the advanced lexicons and it conditions that have been connected for a timeframe and by a gigantic people, can be acknowledged in the word reference (Oxford College Press,2014). Prescriptive and distinct lexicon Prescriptivism shows to the execution and the affirmation of a particular arrangement of rudiments by an establishment or person. Prescriptivism alludes to the demeanor where delineates the nuts and bolts of the dialect that ought to be taken after and the standards that likewise ought to be shunned. Remedies and prohibitions are conventional when all is said in done it present receipt of learning and intelligence. Then again, descriptivism demonstrates to the dialect use and activities in a lexicographical setting. Actually generously all the English dialect are unmistakable truly. The key editors show dependably to as how the word is spelled and connected. In that way, unmistakable dialect depicts or demonstrate the content words that are utilized usually regardless of whether they are not standard and frequently incorporate non-standard spelling. These sorts of word references are more required about the right and write English. At the end of the day, prescriptive lexicons depend on advance the standard English, not at all like the unmistakable word references that depict the use and the spelling of the dialect. The Conclusion All things considered, this composed content shows four primary focuses, the historical backdrop of how English has been systematized in lexicons and punctuation books, likewise it displays the appointing of word references and the purposes for composing these word references, furthermore, it tells about the criteria for incorporating words in lexicons, and the last point in the contrast amongst prescriptive and distinct lexicons.

Death And Paralysis In The Sisters

Death And Paralysis In The Sisters In order to recognize that Joyces Dubliners is a work unified by death, it is necessary for one to return to the beginning, where a meticulous reading is paramount, and start again. The opening story, The Sisters, is concerned with death and its impact upon the living individuals left in its wake. If the reader considers its function as essentially an introductory chapter, one will start to detect a palpable semblance of unity throughout Dubliners, as this story establishes the overarching theme of death and its associated motifs: paralysis, silences, and epiphanies-the latter of which are inextricably rooted in the poetics of modernity. The Sisters is a story that is concerned with youth, which represents the beginning of a progression from childhood to maturity. In this regard, the storys form parallels the narrative for the reader, as the story at its heart is concerned with the young narrators developing awareness; at the same time, the reader starts to acquire a simultaneous awa reness of the afore-mentioned themes and motifs. As we shall see, The Sisters functions as a gnomon for the entire collection of stories, as its narrator is but one of many more who are stifled and subjugated by their environment-like a patient etherized upon a table, as the ubiquitous J. Alfred Prufrock might say (Eliott 1). The Sisters ushers the readers into the world of Dubliners through the eyes of a child narrator. The narrator, along with the reader, confronts images of death in the opening paragraph through a lighted square of window-analogous to the window-panes of J. Alfred Prufrock. It is here, at the very beginning, that the narrator introduces the word paralysis, heralding a theme which reoccurs with death throughout the entirety of Dubliners. In A Beginning: Signification, Story, and Discourse in Joyces The Sisters, Staley emphasizes the beginning paragraph as an overture for the themes, conflicts, and tensions that were to be evoked again and again à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ throughout all of Dubliners (20). Furthermore, Staley affirms that the initial sentences tone of finality and certainty à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ begins the circle of death for Dubliners (22). If one were to accept Staleys claim that the opening paragraph acts as an overture for the novel, it could then be argued that death and paralysis ar e not to be seen as separate entities in the context of Dubliners, but that the two are directly related, if not intertwined. Father Flynn, through his physical paralysis, comes to embody many of the characters in Dubliners, the majority of whom are paralyzed to some extent, whether it is physically, mentally, or emotionally. Later, the reader witnesses the manner in which death interrupts or arrests the living, as the narrator lays in the dark of [his] room and imagines that he sees the heavy grey face of the paralytic (Joyce 11). Already, one can intuit that the dead play a haunting role in Dubliners, as Gothic elements are common to modernist literature. This is evidenced here, as the narrator feels that he is smiling feebly like the paralytic priests cadaver (11). Indeed, at this point the living and dead start to merge as a single image, with the narrator mirroring the state of an immobile Father Flynn. In his critical essay on The Sisters, Corrington states that the boy and the old man fuse briefly through this smile, which contrasts elements of youth and death (24). The innocence of youth is tainted early in Dubliners, as death and Father Flynns deathly influence permeate The Sisters, looming behind both reader and narrator like an ominous shade. The child narrator may very well be a reflection of the reader, mirroring the thought processes that lead to a simultaneous realization of deaths paralyzing nature in the world of Dubliners. The narrators epiphany on deaths paralyzing quality is inadvertent, even ironic, as he calls attention to a sensation of freedom as if [he] had been freed from something by his death (Joyce 13). His actions in the story are contrary to this supposed sense of freedom; it becomes apparent that Father Flynns influence fills the silence that he left behind and acts as an interrupting force. Such a force bears similarities to the dead Catherines effect upon Heathcliff in Wuthering Heights, where the latters life is dominated by her memory. Indeed, the narrator goes so far as to anthropomorphize paralysis as a maleficent and sinful being that fill[s] [him] with fear, yet he long[s] to be nearer to it and to look upon its deadly work (Joyce 9). The boy is both repelled and oddly compelled by the paralysis he experiences here, which exposes his inability to be truly free from Father Flynns death. Therefore, paralysis can be regarded the work of death, as both the boy and his sisters find the mselves utterly torpid in the wake of Father Flynns passing. The boys inability to find any fraction of freedom from Father Flynns death becomes more evident as his mental haunting persists. Here, the child imagines the heavy grey face of the paralytic and feels the apparition follow [him] (Joyce 11). Father Flynn is referred to synecdochically here, defined by a heavy grey pallor that suggests death incarnate, further melding themes of death and paralysis. More importantly, perhaps, the narrator has rendered Father Flynn incomplete, a gnomon by definition. Joyce employs the Euclidian definition of gnomon: a remainder after something has been removed (Joyce 9). This depiction of Father Flynn becomes significant later when one considers who is left more complete by the end of the story, and further relates to Heathcliff of Wuthering Heights, who is left incomplete by his loss of Catherine, making him a gnomon of sorts as well. Nonetheless, this point illustrates the narrators inability, or perhaps reluctance, to be freed by Father Flynns passin g. Indeed, it seems significant that he imagine[s] Father Flynns face rather than dreaming about it, which would indicate a sort of conscious rejection of letting the dead be truly dead. In Dubliners: A Students Companion to the Stories, Werner states that when contemplating the word paralysis, the boy attributes to it an active presence that he wishes to observe rather than evade, and the same can be said about the concept of death for the narrator, as both themes are interlaced throughout the story (45). The development of consciousness in regard to death and its paralyzing quality is central to The Sisters. This development points to the storys role as a beginning, as the maturation, or lack thereof, of the various narrators consciousness and perception later becomes a major issue throughout Dubliners. Epiphanies are abundant in Dubliners, as they are in Virginia Woolfs To the Lighthouse, T.S. Eliots The Wasteland, and other modernist literature; nonetheless, as Werner notes in Dubliners: A Students Companion to the Stories, Joyce only gradually focuses his attention on the experience of revelation (47). Furthermore, the increasing complexity of his epiphanies is basic to the mature voice capable of articulating the contingent experiences of truth as an ongoing process for character, author, narrator, and reader (55). Such a development can be seen in the various protagonists encounters with death in Dubliners. In particular, The Sisters represents a beginning for both reader and na rrator. Just as the boy is experiencing his first encounter with death, the reader is experiencing his first bitter taste of life within the world of Dubliners. As a result, there is a simultaneous introduction to life and death. The moment of realization in the penultimate paragraph displays the narrators perception of death, as he states simply that the old priest was lying still in his coffin as we had seen him, solemn and truculent in death (Joyce 18). Here, the narrator still attributes a certain sense of hostility to Father Flynn as if to further affirm the haunting qualities of his death. The detached style in which Joyce imparts this realization is important, as it indicates that the narrator is barely cognizant of anything beyond the dead body. As Beck states in Joyces Dubliners: Substance, Vision, and Art , this realization communicates no incredibly precocious philosophical breakthrough, but the verisimilitude of a dawning awareness, a gradual, hushed, yet decisive epiphany (Beck 43). More importantly, the boy does not seem conscious of his paralysis as later narrators, such as Gabriel Conroy and Duffy, are. If the opening story is essentially a framing device, one can assume that the child narrator in The Sisters exhibits the start of a vicious cycle of internalizing paralysis. Werner claims that the narrator of Araby represents the first stage in the development of a destructive solipsism portrayed in adult characters such as Duffy, but one can argue that this stage actually begins with the narrator of The Sisters (54). Furthermore, Beck notes that the narrator of the Sisters eventually realizes his identity just that much more, and with it his secret isolation (43). Indeed, the core of the story is the boys beginning to see into himself as to the life around him, specifically the impedance of death upon that life. Death is the catalyst for epiphanies in both The Sisters and A Painful Case. In the former example, death triggers an emotional paralysis in the living, while in the latter story, death causes a realization of Duffys pre-existing emotional paralysis. Here, it is important to expound upon the significance of the narrators youth in the story. As Werner notes, the stories of childhood in Dubliners picture early confrontations of young boys with their corrupt environment (41). In The Sisters, such an environment is marked by an inevitable convergence of the living and the dead wherein the latter haunts the former. The young narrator is paralyzed by the external circumstances of his life, as Werner would argue. In fact, Werner goes on to claim that such a suffocating experience encourage[s] even the more sensitive à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ children to accept and internalize paralysis, which leads directly to adult counterparts who have surrendered utterly to paralysis (41, 42). James Duffy, the protagonist in A Painful Case, exemplifies the adult Dubliner who has repressed his emotional paralysis for entirely too long, measuring his life in coffee spoons in the same manner as J. Alfred Prufrock. Silence is introduced in the opening paragraph as yet another motif to be associated with death. As mentioned, the narrator of The Sisters characterizes the very presence of Father Flynns corpse with an antagonistic silence. However, one should note the relationship between Father Flynns silence and the sisters referenced in the title, as the two entities are almost at odds with one another. As the story progresses, the sisters keep attempting to break the persistent silence with their patter, but the dialogue is only ever about Father Flynn. In this manner, the dead haunt even the speech of the living. Corrington remarks that the old man has had a certain degree of ascendance over [the sisters] and even in death, he is their primary concern (22). Corringtons comments are primarily concerned with the sisters as a symbol of devoted service to the Catholic Church, the notion of Father Flynns ascendance and enduring presence speak to the haunting nature of the dead. Father Flynn is neve r more than a cadaver in The Sisters, yet his influence is undeniable. He looms over the environs silently, but to such an extent that the silence becomes a malevolent force. Rabate comments on the nature of silence in the context of Dubliners, writing that silence can finally appear as the end, the limit, the death of speech, its paralysis (33). If one works within the notion of silence as an antagonistic opposition to speech, the final moments of The Sisters can be seen as the ultimate paralysis inflicted by the dead Father Flynn. Joyce ends with Elizas speech, interrupted by ellipses before it finally trails off, imparting a paralyzing silence upon the reader. It is as if the characters, like J. Alfred Prufrock, are left wondering the same: how should I begin? Joyce extols little intimation of hope within the world of Dubliners, where the living portray an emotionally paralyzed life equivalent to that of the dead. It is only upon further examination that one can argue that Joyce actually glorifies death to some extent and indicates it as a more amenable condition. Although the eponymous sisters dialogue throughout the story is rife with clichà ©, a particular assertion is striking. Eliza declares that Father Flynn had a beautiful death, which brings to mind Joyces claim that death is the most beautiful form of life (Joyce, Dubliners 15; Joyce, James Clarence Mangan 60). She goes on to say that Father Flynn make[s] a beautiful corpse, which contrasts the paralyzed depiction of his earthly life. In fact, Father Flynn is marked by a certain incompleteness from the opening paragraph of The Sisters, when the narrator associates the priests paralysis with the word gnomon (Joyce 9). As mentioned, the narrator only represents Father Flynn symboli cally-by his face-which further suggests an incompleteness. Finally, the broken chalice symbolizes the beginning of Father Flynns broken state-his burgeoning madness. Another definition of the word gnomon is applicable to Father Flynn; as discussed in lecture, it is a shadow cast as on a sundial (66). Father Flynns influence as a deathly shade is undeniable, as he lingers throughout the story. On the other hand, his being, or lack thereof, serves to illuminate the partial, reduced lives of Joyces Dubliners, which seems to be Joyces ultimate goal here (66). The storys explicit concern with the dynamic of life and death is a deliberate one, as Joyce carefully arranged the order of stories in Dubliners (Beck 42). Indeed, the exploration of life and death is both central to modernity and the major crux upon which Dubliners is unified. Thus, Becks concern with the meaning and interpretation of the story are secondary to revealing the manner in which it functions as an overture to the novel (42). Ultimately, The Sisters establishes a pattern of the dead impacting life to the point of paralysis that is not altered until the final story. The Sisters makes it possible to explore the later stories of Dubliners in the context of themes and motifs set forth from the very beginning. Werner states that the remainder of Dubliners fulfills [the narrators] longing to be nearer to paralysis and its deadly work, which is an accurate assessment, as Joyce continues to develop this particular theme throughout the work (35). It is this inexplicable, paradoxical longing that harkens back to the poetics of modernity and notions of the sublime. The Sisters functions as an overture for Dubliners, introducing the themes and motifs that serve to unify the novel. Death and paralysis are intertwined throughout Dubliners, as they are in many other modernist works. Paralysis is present not only in The Sisters, but in A Love Song for J. Alfred Prufrock, in which the titular protagonist wonders endlessly, do I dare? The impact and implications of death can be seen as well through the influence of Father Flynn. Like Catherine of Wuthering Heights, he hovers over the lives of others like a shade, lending Gothic elements to an otherwise realistic, if stagnant depiction of Irish life. These themes provide an appropriate context-a modernist context-in which the rest of the novel can not only be enjoyed, but properly engaged.

Media Violence and The Effects on Children Essays -- essays research p

Does media violence have a negative effect on children? On September 11th, 2001, millions around the world crowded around televisions across the globe, watching the horrific scenes of terrorism that had struck New York City, Washington, D.C and Pennsylvania on that ill-fated and now infamous morning. Our sense of security and impenetrable protection crashed 110 stories to the shaken streets of New York City. We watched with shock and horror, disbelief and grief as the images were repeatedly flashed before our eyes, with the all the drama of the plane crashing through the World Trade Center and bursting into an indescribable ball of fire and of the surreal scenes of demolished piles of what used to be the Twin Towers of New York City. We witnessed desperate pleas for help from family members of missing victims. We were shown images of the wounded victims and of the unimaginable destruction in the streets of New York. Our expeditious system of mass media provided us with an immediate window to this dramatic and unprecedented tragedy. We were not alone as we stood looking through this window to the trauma and terrorism enveloping us. As we looked on with fear and horror, so did children. As we watched the 24-hour coverage of the events unfolding, so did children. Every major station broadcast continuous coverage of the "attack on America" for days following the tragedy. While networks provided live coverage, personal interviews and professional analysis, cable stations flashed messages of condolence and sympathy across the bottom of the screen during regular programming, as a constant reminder and acknowledgement of tragedy that had shaken us to our knees. If we as adults were so affected by the trauma of the events, then what can be said for the children who witnessed these same images of horror and terrorism? How, with such an undeveloped capacity to understand the world and the proximity of danger, can we say that children were not affected by the violence of this tragedy? In a time when adults cannot fully understand the context of the violence in our world, how can children possibly be expected to make sense of it? They cannot. Living in a culture and time where violence permeates countless aspects of society in both fiction and reality; visual, verbal, implied and overt; and given the prevalence and pervasiveness of the violence surrounding us,... ...fficult to avoid the influence of media violence. For impressionable children who are constantly shaping and reevaluating the world around them, media violence plays a role in the formation of their negative perceptions of society and their surrounding environment. They are affected by the frequent influence of violent depictions in the same way that they are influenced to want a toy because of the commercial that promotes it. It is the degree and severity of this effect that remains open for heated debate in the arena of social policy and public interest. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Anonymous. (1999). Get Real. Broadcasting and Cable, 62, 129. CNN. Bethesda, MD. 12, Sept. 2001. 2. Cutler, Maggie. (2001). Whodunit-The Media? The Nation, 18-20, 272. 3. Hepburn, Mary. (1997). T.V. Violence! A medium's effects under scrutiny. Social Education, 244-249, 61. 4. Mifflin, Lawrie. (1999). Many Researchers Say Link is Already Clear on Media Violence and Youth Violence. The New York Times, 27, 03624331. 5. Mitchell, Dr. Jeffrey. "Children need 'reassurance' in the face of tragedy." Interview 6. Posch, Robert J Jr. (1993). What you do emerges from who you are. Direct Marketing, 43, 56.

Oil Crisis in Libya :: OPEC, Middle East

Because of the crisis that is going on in Libya, Libya’s oil production and exportation has been greatly affected. This country is a member of OPEC, Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries. Libya is the world’s seventeen largest oil producer, the thirds largest oil producer in Africa, and the continent’s largest crude oil reserves. (Hauser, 2011) Since Libya has such an important part in the oil industry, the crisis has affected other countries and their trade, such as the price of oil and gas, as well as monetary value. Libya only contributes two percent of the world’s oil supply. (Andrews, 2011) It might not seem like a big deal because of such a small percentage, but it is very hard for the world to absorb the two percent loss of oil every day. Libya was producing 1.6 million barrels of oil every day before the crisis erupted. (Dagher, 2011) As of now, unfortunately, it is only producing between four hundred and six hundred thousand barrels of oil. (Dagher, 2011) But it doesn’t even matter how much Libya produces, since it is currently not exporting oil and gas to outside countries, such as Europe and the United States. Most of the foreign workers have fled the country, which makes up for the industry in Libya. Eighty five percent of Libya’s exports are sold to European countries, especially Italy. (Dagher, 2011) Libya and Italy has close economic ties with one another, having a friendship treaty with one another since 2008. (Langundo, 2011) Italy is currently the biggest foreign investor in North Africa, who received thirty two percent of Libya’s oil exports. (Langundo, 2011) Italy is greatly affected by Libya’s turmoil. Italy is currently trying to re-establish its access to Libya’s oil and gas. As of now, the shortage of oil does not have a great effect in Europe since other countries, such as Saudi Arabia, have been increasing their oil production to make up the loss from Libya. Libya contributes about five percent of their oil production to the United States. (Dagher, 2011) Though out the United States, oil prices have been increasing between three and five percent because of the increase cost of barrels. (Andrews, 2011) It is hard for those who live in the United States to adapt to the higher prices. Many already have burdens from the recent financial crisis, but the increase in oil prices will only add to the people’s burden,

Gen X Essay -- essays research papers

Did you know that you are considered part of the first generation symbolizing the decline of the nation? Generations are labeled all the time by historians, novelists and journalist in an attempt to capture the spirit or essence of an era. But the term Generation X carries all the negativity of propaganda and stereotype. The term Generation X has become a derisive media batchphrase, a snide put-down for those 80 million people who, like me, were born between 1961 and 1981. They are the children of the baby boomers and the 13th generation since the pilgrims landed in Plymouth. This group is, were told irresponsible, materialistic, abnormal and apathetic. So how did the term Generation X originate, what are some of their characteristics and why is there so much controversy of the term Generation X? How did the term originate? Back in 1991 a 28 year old named Douglas Coupland wrote a book titled Generation X. The book was about three fictional characters who decided to withdraw from society in order to find themselves. They then moved to Palm Springs, CA where they lived in bungalows and worked at the bottom of the food chain. The book received no publicity and almost no reviews. But that summer a Texan released the movie Slackers, which was filled with overeducated and underoccupied oddballs who loosely paralleled the characters in the book. And at the same time in Seattle, a new form of music was exploding. Its attitude had everything to do with withdrawal, contemplation and seeking new margins. As the media goes, two’s nothing but three’s a trend. Thus were born the most abused buzzwords of the early 90’s Generation X, slacker and grunge. The meaning of generation x Generation X is also sometimes refereed to as the Latch key Generation. With no one at home after school. Generation X has become a negative term to describe their generation as aimless, unfocused, disorganized, unmotivated, lazy and distrustful of ideas and institutions. X’ers were labeled monsters. Their protestants became whining, being mellow became slacking and the struggle to find ourselves became apathy. Stereotypes portray generation x as transfixed by MTV, Beavis & Butthead, wearing baseball caps backwards, safety pins through nipples, rings through noses and wearing flannel during summer. They are characterized as deadbeats who lack the personal ambition ... ...m large government programs. Conclusion Although there is still much conflict and uncertainty about Generation X. You now know that generation x refers to a group of people born between 1961 and 1981. Generation X is perceived by the media, government and others to be a generation that lacks depth or direction or to add value to society. Many suggest that they are the lost generation. They may in fact be the generation that has learned from our parents mistakes and now have a different way of thinking and adapting itself to a changing world. Yet they continue to be discredited. Society need to understand that X is a term that defines not a chronological age but a way of looking at the world. Generation Xers are working to make a better life for themselves. They want to ensure that the interest of their generation is looked out for and they are committed to improving the public’s perception of their generation. Generation X is most certainly not a lost cause. Contrary to popular belief, they are intelligent and are very concerned about their future. They will in fact be the most influential and important generation in the next century, they will make a difference.

What are the greatest challenges facing planet Earth in the 21st Century?

Throughout the 21st century it is easy to see that more and more challenges confront the Planet. It would be difficult to say which is the most important or serious as each concerns a different part of the world. It is clear that the planet is changing and it is happening at alarming rate. People around the world are suffering from Poverty and malnutrition while others fear about the demand for natural resources and how much time we have before they run out. Population growth is a huge matter in countries such as China and India where as in Australia depletion of the ozone layer is a big worry. However, we have been aware of the most of these problems for a while and for me the biggest challenge to face the earth yet is climate change. A big cause of climate change is global warming from greenhouse gases and carbon emissions. Human impact is causing more greenhouse gases to be produced by burning fossil fuels and deforestation and this is causing them to get trapped in the Earths atmosphere making the temperature rise. It is now a fact that the world is getting hotter and Earth is the hottest it has been in at least 400 years, and possibly even the last 2,000 years. Studies show that the global surface temperature has increased by approximately 0.3-0.6à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C over the last century. This may seem like a small difference but it has big consequences. These temperatures will continue to increase and by the end of the 21st century average global temperatures may increase by 1.4-5.8à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C. Besides resulting in more hot days, many scientists believe an increase in temperatures may lead to changes in precipitation and weather patterns. Ocean waters will become warmer and this may result in more intense and frequent tropical storms and hurricanes. The number of Category 4 and 5 hurricanes has almost doubled in the last 30 years and will continue to increase with global warming this will not only cause catastrophe for human population but also to the unchangeable fragile environment. Sea levels are also expected to increase by 0.09 – 0.88 m in the next century, mainly from melting glaciers and rising seawaters. You can read also Waves Most of the world's population lives on or near the coasts. Global sea levels could rise by more than 20 feet with the loss of shelf ice in Greenland and Antarctica, devastating coastal areas worldwide. If the polar ice cap were to melt then sea levels world wide would increase by 20ft, Shanghai home to 40 million people would be underwater, the Bay of Bengal, Calcutta, India home to 60 million people would be completely gone. Think of the impact of a few hundred refugees and then imagine 100 million the planet will be destroyed if something is not done. Global warming may also affect wildlife and species that cannot survive in warmer environments and these may become extinct. At least 279 species of plants and animals are already responding to global warming, moving closer to the poles. Coral Reefs are suffering from coral bleaching the process caused by loss of algae that colour and nourish them. Also, human health is also at stake, as global warming may result in the spreading of certain diseases such as malaria, the flooding of major cities, a greater risk of heat stroke for individuals, and poor air quality. India's worst heat wave in 50 years killed more than 2,500 people in May 1998. Britain in 2006 suffered from major heat waves throughout the summer, 1 year later floods have swept all over the country. All challenges that face the planet interlink with each other and relate to one another. Rapid population growth is not only a challenge to other humans but also to the environment. As the population increases there is more demand for food and this is also a problem with global warming. There will be more droughts making it hard to grow crops and importing from other countries will start to become more expensive. Some policies have been introduced in the past to try and control the population such as Chinas one child policy. However, such policies have not been accepted by other nations as they seem to breech human rights. Other nations such as Singapore now suffering from an ageing population are trying to increase their population which is not helping the population crisis. Cities are growing larger and larger the natural land around them is being turned into homes and office buildings. Cities are becoming more and more overcrowded and job opportunities are harder to find with a rising number of the population becoming unemployed. The Economic trend from 1975 to 2003 showed that from 1979 to 1989 the average Unemployment rate was 4.7%; 1990 to 2000 the average unemployment rate was 5.1% reaching 5.5% between the period 2000 and 2007 therefore the rate of unemployment is increasing gradually, this will continue increase will the population growing and will cause many problems. With urbanisation occurring it is using more and more lumber and other natural resources for the buildings. The environment is being scarred and this is also increasing global warming. Deforestation is not the only problem but as the population increasing the demand for energy is rising. Natural Resources are quickly disappearing. All over the world we are digging up to try and find Coal, oil and gas and we are using our resources at alarming rates. The burning of fossil fuels in factories to make products and power, and the fuels used by trucks, automobiles and jet planes have caused acid rain and a great increase in carbon dioxide and pollution in the atmosphere. However, with natural resources running out there could be a positive outcome. Scientist are trying hard to develop new ways to use clean energy sources which come renewable energy sources that are better for the environment such a solar and hydroelectric. About 25,000 people die every day of hunger or hunger-related causes, according to the United Nations. This is one person every three and a half seconds or a 2004 Asian Tsunami occurring almost every week. Yet there is plenty of food in the world for everyone. The problem is that hungry people are trapped in severe poverty. Part of poverty is caused by lack of social services. Education and heath services are nearly non existent in poverty stricken nations which causes much of the problem. This leads to diseases such as Phenomena, Malaria or Tuberculosis, 2 of these diseases are highly contagious and with help could be put under control but instead have millions of people die each year. Poverty however, it is not the individuals fault. They are not lazy or have made poor decisions but instead there country is most likely been exploited by MEDCs or TNCs or they have a corrupt government. Transnational corporations are globalizing mainly in poorer countries as it is better for them. The laws on the environment and labor are less stringent meaning they are able to bypass certain rules, however this leads to labor exploitation. Countries that suffer from poverty is also because they have a lack of natural resources they have nothing to offer companies to locate to there country. The don't have oil like the America or farmland like Australia. The physical environment could be very much a desert like Mali or Sudan; it could be land locked like Laos which means that it is hard for things such as trading to take place. In Australia one of their biggest concerns is the depeletion of the ozone layer. It is caused by a build up of man-made chemicals in the atmosphere. One of the main chemicals is generally known as CFC or chloroflurocarbon. We use CFC's as refrigerants, aerosol spray propellants, as solvents in electronic chemistry, and in the expansion of polystyrene foam. This CFC's drift into the atmosphere and release chlorine. Through these reactions the ozone is broken down. This affects both the humans and the eco systems. Even minor problems of ozone depletion can have major effects. Every time even a small amount of the ozone layer is lost, more ultraviolet light from the sun can reach the Earth. This leads to damage of the cornea and other aspects of the eye and is a big cause of skin cancer. It also, inhibits growth of certain plants such as rye and wheat and stresses marine ecosystems as high levels of UV kill plankton. In Conclusion, it has been shown that the Planet does not face just one issue but has a number that concern the planet. Global Warming is the challenge that associate with other concerns like ozone depletion and rapid population growth but poverty is a matter that we have been facing to decades now. People are now becoming more and more aware of the issues facing the planet are trying to do something about however a lot more will need to happen if we want to reverse the damage we have done.

Experiment to Investigate Osmosis in Potatoes Essay

The go of this audition is to enquire the reason of weewee in and out of arrange prison carrels. The kiosks elect for study pull up s throngs be interpreted from tater furnishrs. Firstly I ordain explain what osmosis is. Osmosis is the race of irrigate from a region of blue irrigate assimilation with a semi pervious membrane to a region of menial body of piddle tightfistedness. This definition contains cardinal master(prenominal) statementsa) It is the passage of piss by means of and through with(predicate) a semi permeable membraneb) It is the passage of peeing from a region of naughty peeing dousingc) It is the passage of pissing to a region of low piddle immersion. solely the to a higher place statements atomic number 18 include in the definition, and define real aspects of it.Semi-permeable membranes ar precise thin layers of real which eachow some things to pass through, much everywhere counteract others. A mobile ph single mem brane is semi permeable. They exclusivelyow sm whole molecules comparable oxygen, water, amino acids etc. to pass through al genius go forth not allow lifesizer molecules like sucrose, starch, protein etc. through. A region of blue concentration of water is ein truth a very load settlement of something like sucrose or pure water. In each theme in that location is a lot of water a risque concentration of water. A region of low water concentration is the opposite of the above, i.e. a very high concentration of sucrose conduce a low water concentration.The water substance of plants varies depending on environmental conditions. In prop plants this water plays a vital role in the corroborate of tissues and the transport of materials approximately the organism. Lack of water leads to wilting and finally death. Water is mainly absorbed through the roots, which argon covered in curiously adapted root hair kiosks, with larger-than-life surface beas and thin carrelu lar teleph wiz groynes to countenance absorption. It is displace up the plant through xylem vessels by a pull resulting from the vaporization of water through thestomata on the leaves.This evaporation is called transpiration and the xylem flow resulting is called the transpiration stream. Soluble food substances form during photosynthesis are transported around the plant in the bast fiber tubes. This movement of water through the plant in the xylem vessels or phloem tubes is similar to the flow of blood in humans as it transports soluble mineral salts, nutrients and auxins, (plant hormones), from place to place. The evaporation of water from the leaves as well(p) as removes heat energy from the plant and helpers to prevent overheating.Transpiration pulls water up the plant stanch still osmosis is the process whereby water is bony into or out of cubicles and tissues. Osmosis is the flow of water by diffusion through a differentially permeable membrane from areas of high water concentration to regions of low water concentration. The diagram below illustrates thisWater tush freely pe shekelsrate all membrane. The cellu resort cell wall does not act as a semi permeable membrane and pull up s coins allow most substances that are dissolved in water to freely pass through it.Whether water levys the cell by osmosis or not entrust depend on the chemical equilibrium in the midst of outer and internal solute concentrations and the state of the cell. If the answers on each side of the differentially permeable membrane are equally laborious consequently on that point allow be no give notice movement of water across the membrane. This is called an equilibrium state and the settlements are referred to as being isotonic. A resolvent that contains more(prenominal) solute particles than another, and is hence more concentrated, is referred to as being hypertonic. The less concentrated solving is hypotonic. This concentration of solute particles is usually described as a thou.Even if the solute concentration external to the cell is hypotonic to the vacuole contents the cell try outament not continue to take in water by osmosis for ever. The cellulose cell wall provides a rigid roadblock to uncontrolled expansion. A cell that is skilful of water is called gusty and quarternot expand however as the outward extort on the cell wall is balanced by the inward military strength of the stretched wall. This wall push is called turgor insistencyand the internal outward force on the wall is called osmotic pressure.At the other extreme, a cell hardened in a solution that is hypertonic to its contents volition lose water by osmosis. The cytoplasm will free to exert a pressure on the cellulose cell wall and the cell, described as flaccid, will lack support.Water hurt can continue to such an issue that the cytoplasm, and attached cell membrane, contracts and detaches from the cell wall. A cell in this condition is verbalize to amaze undergone plasmolysis. This very rarely, if ever happens in nature.As osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules and as diffusion is the random movement of particles from areas of high concentration to low concentration it cleverness be expected that any actor outs that animate up or slow heap the movement of these particles would affect the rate of osmosis. using knowledge of the process of osmosis and with a ripe(p) under bideing of hoagyity I should be able to determine the solute concentration of the vacuoles in stump spud tuber cells. As it would be impossible to prise with any course of accuracy the expansion or compressing of cells on an individual basis I hurt decided to envision at collect or termination of water in terms of maturation or decrease in good deal. Mass, I feel, will be a more faithful way of recording the transform of the white stump spudes as when measuring space, it does not take into trace the throw in diameter of the h alt. I will also look at the increase or decrease in continuance to verify the accuracy of my results and equality the two readings. A cell determined in an isotonic solution should cross-file no trade whereas one hardened in a hypertonic solution will lose circle.For this experiment, I will eat to choose a factor to veer. These factors are Molarity of the sucrose solution Surface area of the stump spud chartic symbol of white stump spud vine calld Age of the potato pH of the sucrose solution TemperatureThe factor I ingest chosen to vary is the torpedoity of dinero solution as I believe this will be easy to regulate as the concentration can be easily modify using distilled water. I will use 1 molar solution and shorten the concentrations as destinen belowMolarity of cole solutionAmount of waterAmount of sucrose solution0.0500.2410.4320.6230.8141.005For this experiment I will have 1 large potato to produce 18 potato tubers phellem borer distilled water 1 molar borecole solution pipettes 18 try tubes ruler to measure aloofness of potato tubers electric balance to measure the push-down storeI have selected the above equipment because I feel it will help me to ensure consummate results. To ensure a fair test I will take all my potato samples from the like potato using the kindred cork borer and keep all of my setup the same. I will try and transact each potato tube the same. I will measure each potato tube separately to ensure stainless measurements and carry out the procedure 3 times for each metre tested. This will mean that I will need to measure 18 potato tubers. trey results will enable me to take an bonny out result, making the results, hopefully, more precise and reliable. If one of the results jutms very different to the others, I shall chance on it as an irrational result and recapture the reading.When I carry out this experiment, I will get a potato and take some tubes from it using a cork borer I will then(pre nominal) cut these tubes into shorter spaces and measure the length and caboodlees of each of the 18 lengths. All the lengths will be cut to 25mm. The solutions will be altered according to the molarity required and cm3 of each solution pose in each test tube. individually molarity will occupy three test tubes. The fails will then be throw up into each test tube and left over night. They will then be taken out of their test tubes, dried lightly with a base towel and the new mass and lengths recorded. once the results have been collected, they will be tabulated and analysed. A chart will be pull and any trends noticed explained.Prior to the experiment we carried out a short fly test, using potato splinters and solutions of strength 0.0, 1.0 and 2.0 molar solutions. The chips were25mm in length each, and each chip was put in 5 cm3 of either distilled water/1.0 molar / 2.0 molar sugar solutions and left for 30 minutes. The potato chips were then deliberate and the resu lts recorded. They are shown belowChipSolution1Water21.0 molar32.0 molarChip numberOriginal lengthResultant length125mm29mm225mm24mm325mm20mmThese results show that a potato chip placed in water will crystallise in length, a weak sugar solution will lose length and a strong sugar solution will lose length also. The results from this test will allow me to choose an take away range of moralities in order to let on out what the concentration is within the cell vacuole. I am going to check up on 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 molar sugar solutions. I have chosen these concentrations to try and accurately ferret out when there is no net movement of water, hence the concentration of the cell vacuole.From introductory work done on osmosis, I predict that molarity and amount change in mass/ length will be indirectly relative. I gestate there will be a oppose correlation mingled with the two. I think that there will be both exit and gain in mass discovered. I think the graphica l record will look like this and there will be no plasmolysed on my graph, as I do no expect my measurementsto go that far. I hope to be able to commit the battery-acid when there is no net movement of water.Analysis of ResultsThe Consequences of Osmosis in plant cellsPlant cells always have a strong cell wall contact them. When the take up water by osmosis they start to swell, but the cell wall prevents them from bursting. Plant cells become turgid when they are put in dilute solutions. magnanimous means swollen and hard. The pressure inside the cell rises, eventually the internal pressure of the cell is so high that no more water can enter the cell. This liquid or hydrostatic pressure works against osmosis. Turgidity is very consequential to plants because this is what makes the green parts of the plant stand up into the sunlight.When plant cells are placed in concentrated sugar solutions they lose water by osmosis and they become flaccid this is the exact opposite of turgid . If you put plant cells into concentrated sugar solutions and look at them under a microscope you would see that the contents of the cells have shrunk and pulled away from the cell wall they are said to be plasmolysed.When plant cells are placed in a solution which has exactly the same osmotic strength as the cells they are in a state mingled with turgidity and flaccidity. We call this incipient plasmolysis. early means about to be. When I forget to water the potted plants in my study you will see their leaves droop. Although their cells are not plasmolysed, they are not turgid and so they do not confirm the leaves up into the sunlight.Graph 1 shows the intermediate destiny change in length of the potato tubers. It shows that as molarity increases the average change in length decreases. The graph drawn looks accurate as the toot did not have to be one of stovepipe consort, but went through all of the points plot present that all the readings were accurate. The potato tuber s gained/ loss length, the molarity increases the sugar solution becomes more concentrated, and moreconcentrated than inside the cell. At 0.2M solution there is no net movement of water. As the strength of the concentration increases the cells shrink and become flaccid.Graph 2 shows the average character change in mass of the potato tubers. It shows that as molarity increases the average change in length decreases. This graph is very similar to the graph video display the length loss or gain, but appears less accurate as there is an anomalous result. This is at 0.4 molar, it lies off the best-fit curve drawn by 9.2%. The curve is one of best fit and follows the same trends as graph 1.My results seem fairly accurate and although the graph showing length seems to be more accurate as it is a curve that goes through all of the points, it lone(prenominal) shows the change in length, and not in mass. The graph showing mass change 2 gives a more accurate tantrum of what happened as it takes into account the expansion of the potato both ways and has a broader percentage change range. This means that instead of save spanning 30% in total (as does graph 1) it spans 80% (as does graph 2). This gives a broader sphere of results and is therefore more accurate, as the mass is a more accurate result than length as the potato chip will get wider as well as longer. My results do seem to be reliable, as the graphs drawn support my sooth stateing and seem accurate as they all lie on a serene curve.ConclusionFrom the results obtained, I can finish that the average gain or loss in mass of the potato chip is indirectly proportional to molarity. I can also say that average gain or loss in length of the potato chip is indirectly proportional to molarity. Both of the results show a negative correlation. I can now say that the more concentrated the solution, the more mass/length is lost. This is because the water inside the cell moves out, causing the cell to shrink. When the c ells are in a less concentrated solution they gain in length and mass as water is taken into the cell and the cell swells. The results gave enough information to support my original prediction. Both of the graphs cut the x-axis at 0.2, showing that the molarity of the internalsolute of a cell is 0.2m. This also shows that my results were very similar and reliable.EvaluationMy results seem to be very accurate. I can tell this because when the points were plot they all lay on the curve, apart(predicate) from one anomalous result, 0.4Mon the graph showing mass. There was however only one anomalous result and the others were all very reliable. This whitethorn have been because the results had an average taken so it may not have been accurate. I could increase the accuracy by taking more repetitions which should make the average more accurate. As the potatoes were left over night, the temperature changed which may have affected the results, but it should not have made a drastic differ ence to the graphs as all of the potatoes were subjected to exactly the same temperature changes.This could be meliorate by placing the test tubes into a water bath so they were kept at a constant temperature. The same potato was used in each of the experiments, which may also have contributed to the reliability of my results. The mass was more accurate to measure for many an(prenominal) different reasons. Length does not take into account the change in diameter of the chips, and you can not measure fractions of millimetres on a ruler, but the electric balance will record change from 2 decimal places,e.g. mass 1?43 1?34length 25 23whilst length can only be measured to the nearest millimetre. For the mass, we had to be careful that all the potato chips were dried in the same way as this may have altered the reading. This may have been what caused the anomalous results, as it was lighter that the best fit line i.e. some water may have been lost through harder drying, or squeezing during the drying process. If some of the water evaporated overnight, it would have incresed the molarity of the solutions, thus making the results innaccurate. This could be combatted by putting a stilt in the top of the test tubes to stop the evaporation and keeping the sugar slution concentrations the same.To remediate the accuracy of the results I would include more concentrations to perplex the point of plasmolysis as in my experiment, I did not get to the point of plasmolysis in my experiment, so if I was to go through this experiment, I would investigte a wider rage of concentrations to investigate furthur and increase accuracy. I would also increase the repetitions to 5 per molarity and increase the molarity to try and find the point of plasmolysis. I could also decrease the range between each molarity (every 0.05 for example) to try and find the exact concentration of the potato cells where there is not net gain. This investigation was succesful but could still be made m ore accurate by some of the above ways.

Weston Meehan

In at presents lodge in that location is a war going on, a battle to control our minds, hearts, and souls with a simple thought process. An judgment so spartan that it not solely has it indoctrinated us as a generation, notwithstanding indoctrinating future generations with step up so much has a scrap of scientific test. An idea that questions our livelihood, why we argon here, why we do what we do, and where do we go when it is all in all said and d unrivaled and only(a). This idea is k this instant as the evolutionary surmise and its concepts derived virtually cc years ago by Charles Darwin in his restrain the Origin of Species.Darwin states I see no safe reasons why the tantrums given in this volume should rap the religious views of anyone. (1859, pp. 520) Claiming phylogenesis does not exist would be as empirical as proving paragon does exist. In these arguments there is no middle ground, either theology does exist or he does not, either organic evolution is r eal or it is not. There is only one way to prove the evidence and that is to seek it bulge out with examination. Would much(prenominal) evidence exist? If so what could peradventure the nature of this evidence?Before the evolutionary contingentnesss inception the four burning questions of art object has been who am I, where did I come from, why am I here, and where do I go when I die? The answer to these questions has al shipway been some salmagundi of religion, and that this orbit has a designer with an incredible plan. this instant as time has progressed a precise dangerous solution was introduced to the world and with its arrival it is changing the very(prenominal) fabric of charitableity. The new religion of the day is attainment and this affects our legal system, school system, and thought process.These effects everyplace time posterior be detrimental to the minds and ethical motive of us as a society. One of the about basic and fundamental questions of the hum an mind is the question, does God exist? The one thing every human has in common is having a worldview. A worldview is how you view the world. There argon two ways you tolerate view this world. Some raft look at this world and say, its amazing this came from evolution that is the Evolutionists worldview. some others say, this world has incredible design there must be a designer this is the Creationists worldview.These two views be polar- adversary from each other in a collide where one side has to be wrong. When mentioning Evolution, keep in mind that there are six theories and clog upground to the word evolve. Cosmic Evolution the root of time, space, and matter i. e. the gigantic Bang. Chemical Evolution the inventory of higher elements from hydrogen. Stellar and Planetary Evolution origin of stars and planets. Organic Evolution the origin of life. Macroevolution the changing from one human body in to another. Finally, Microevolution variations within kinds.These th eories are study in every the Statesn education political program but only one has scientifically been prove. In a common Webster Dictionary from an online website the definition of the Big Bang Theory (Cosmic Evolution) is a possibility in astronomy the universe originated billions of years ago in an explosion from a single point of nearly infinite energy density. (Webster Dictionary Online) Another is Alan Guths surmisal stating, the absolute observable universe could precede over evolved from an infinitesimal ( Greek for dot) region.Its whence tempting to go one step further and speculate that the entire universe evolved from literally nothing. (1984 p. 128). The two theories of the creation of the priming are basically the same but the Evolutionists conceive it happened for no reason. The Creationists believe that God was the churchman. The first right of the Conservation of matter is that, matter (and or energy) cannot be created or destroyed. Thus, if the matt er cannot be created nor destroyed then who created this world? The choices hitherto remain, it created itself or someone created it.Scientifically how can something be created from nothing unless there was a creator? Instead of raising questions that are gaudy, scientific, and quite honestly a bit harder to understand I would identical to use memorial as the main ancestor of discussion. The arguments al nigh skeptics tend to stray away from are whether or not Dinosaurs existed with man. As ridiculous as that might sound to do believe that the very thought of such a notion living could shake the beliefs of your modern Evolutionists. If dinosaurs did exist then the Evolutionary theory would be completely and utterly dishonorable and visa versa for creation.This topic is rarely touched establish on just due to most of societies presuppositions on the matter and considering alternative evidence with an unbiased undefended mind. Lets start with the question what happened to the dinosaurs? and there are scores of theories on this matter. The main theory is that a comet struck the earth, and the dust that was raised blockade out the sun. When the sun was blocked out the humour turned c honest-to-goodness and the c honest-to-god-blooded animals couldnt survive. The taint in this theory is that we still have animals today such as alligators, crocodiles, and Komodo tophuss and supposedly these species date back to before the inosaurs were evolved (according to Evolution). Another theory is E. Baldwins exotic notion to say that they use to eat a laxative plant and when this plant went extinct the dinosaurs died out due to constipation. (2002, pp. 210) According to the Bible there was a major(ip) catastrophe that wiped out the Dinosaurs as fountainhead as most of the life on Earth. This was the spacious Genesis flood, which was global destroying all of existence drop a man styled Noah, his family, and two of every kind of animal to be taken aboard an A rk and to repopulate the Earth.Logically, Noah would of obtained only infant animals. This is for three reasons they eat less, sleep more, and take up less room. This account of a global flood is not only install in the Bible but in every major cultures fib such as China, Mesopotamia, and Polynesian cultures. In 1841 the first use of the experimental condition Dinosauria (meaning terrible lizard) was created by the famous British anatomist and fossilist Sir Richard Owen. The term was used for the first time at a shock of the British Association of the overture of science held in Plymouth. No reptile now exists which provides a complicated and thecodont dentition with limbs so proportionally large and strong having such well-developed spirit bones and sustaining the weight of the trunk by synchrondrosis or anchylosis to so wide and complicated a sacrum, as in the order Dinosauria. (Owen 42) After that meeting the word Dinosaur became a popular term to bring out these giant lizards that were being discovered by paleontologists. During the 1800s after the first discovery of theses fossils scientists began to look for breath to what had happened to these terrible lizards.Unfortunately the focus was on the rocks and buried fossils and failed to see to it history on what had really happened. Examining ancient history and the diachronic record you will not set out the word dinosaur remember the word dinosaur was not created until 1841. each culture shared a common name for these creatures but the most familiar is the name firedrake. even out in our local librarys lexicon the definition of dragon shares a chilling forceion. nevertheless the old dictionaries recognize these dragons to be real and not apart of myth.It seems that all cultures have variant names for these dragons such as the list provided on rogue 13. Dragon history is nearly universal by ancient cultures. Where did this concept derive? Why is it so universal among cultures that ar e separated by continents? How did societies by out the world report, etch, draw, and sew these creatures with such uniformity if they were not of witness accounts? Certain things that arent shown to us growing up when learning the evolutionary theory as well as all of history are all of the artwork of the ancient cultures and the pack of the culture depicting dinosaurs.It is safe to say that most of all the ancient art are primarily illustrations of everyday life and this gives us a high-priced idea of how these cultures hunted, lived, and the ceremonies they practiced. The highly technical civilization of the Nazca Indians come to the coast of Peru flourished from about 1 A. D. to 750 A. D. These cultures produced an array of technologies as well as crafts including ceramics, textiles, and geoglyphs. Today it is still unappreciated how this culture produced these geoglyphs called the Nazca lines. The Nazca Indians also produced thousands of carvings on burial stones, these carvings are known as the Ica stones.There have been over 16,000 of these rum stone found over the years. They contain depictions of routine life, battle scenes, advanced technologies, and most amazingly dinosaurs. some skeptics try to debunk the Ica stones being a boloney or created during our time period, but the evidence points otherwise. Other than the Ica stones there has been thousands of pieces of ancient art depicting dinosaurs found in legion(predicate) different cultures spreading over the planet. The authenticity of this art has divided skeptics, but most that have no preconceived biases believe in their genuine nature.Here are just some of the different examples of the uniformity of these creatures that are shared. Again, how could each culture depict these dinosaurs if they were not of eyewitness accounts? Could it be possible that dinosaurs still exist today? For at least a hundred years there have been many reputable reports in position speaking countries of c omprehend a dinosaur want creature in the lakes of Loch Ness, Champlain, and Ogopogo. The accounts describe a Plesiosaur or a wet dwelling dinosaur. These lakes are vast bodies of water reach depths of four hundred feet in certain parts.To number to the elusiveness of these creatures it is believed that like crocodiles, alligators, and caimans this type of dinosaur is nocturnal. The most intriguing of eyewitness reports do not come from the lakes of England, Scotland, or America but from the darkest regions of the African Congo a sop named Likoula. Likoula is the largest swamp in the world, 55,000 square miles in coat and remains eighty percent unexplored. Most civilise people do not venture into these swamps due to the harsh conditions, but tribes people living in the swamp say that several(prenominal) creatures that are apparent dinosaurs are still resilient today.Theres a creature the natives call Mokele-Embembe depict as a large animal 16 to 32 feet in length with a long neck and a tail. It is also alleged that the reddish-brow to gray, which lives in the swamp and only eats on vegetation. ( fractional-God, Half-Beast, 1999) The topic Geographic show The Beast Man presented an installation where the host interviewed a local villager and the experiences he had with the creature. The villager stated, it was a long time ago, I was scared and ran away. (Beast Man) This shows the function of the creature and how scary it can appear.The Bible shares a probable depiction of this very same creature, observe now behemoth, which I made with thee he eateth tummy as an ox. Lo now, his strength is in his loins, and his force is in the navel of his belly. He moveth his tail like a cedar the sinews of his stones are wrapped together. His bones are as strong pieces of brass his bones are like bars of iron. He is the chief of the ways of God he that made him can move in his sword to approach unto him. (King James Bible, Job. 40. 15-19) The dangers of the t heory of Evolution have affected and corrupted the minds of people for generations.With the evidence shown the devotion put in to this theory brings obedience similar to no other. Most scientists put all of their trustingness in science just like as if it were a religion. As a Christian would lay their faith in to the Bible their faith lies in theories that are still not proven today. I chose to interview an Environmental erudition prof at our college to question his openness and possibility of such a notion. In my interview with professor Meizeka I asked, if dinosaurs still existed and what would that do to the evolutionary theory? He then stated its not possible when I told him about the eyewitness accounts in the Likoula flood he stammered around the question stating it just doesntyoure certainly going to find species that we never thought existed, but a large home dinosaur hard to believe. My question never seemed to be answered if the theory would be shaken or not but may be his silence speaks volumes. Why are these issues confronted with such skepticism? What would be the reasoning behind not thoroughly accessing the possibility of this phenomenon?In conclusion done out all of my re search and reflecting on my thesis, the Evolutionary Theory has indeed indoctrinated society. The majority of scientists would rather turn down the possibility of dinosaurs existence with man to better implement their belief system. The scariest notion is what if this theory was made to check our generation and future generations in the belief of creation. (Word Count) 2231 ? Dragons in Different Cultures 1. Arabic ah-teen (pl. tah-neen), (Al)Tineen, Plural (Al)Tananeen ? 2. Athebascin (Alasken) Manchu 3. ?Austrian Drachn, Lindwurm? 4.Bulgarian drakon (phonetic), a? aeii (Actual spelling) ? 5. Catalan (N/E Spain) drac ? 6. Chinese lung/long, Liung (Hakka dialect) ? Chinese old & new ? 7. Croatian/Serbian zmaj (pronounced zmai nub Dragon), azdaja (pronounced azhdaya actor Hydra) ? 8. Czech Drak, Draeek (Draaachek) ? 9. Danish drage 10. ?Dansk drage ? 11. Draconian Khoth, (pl. Khothu)? Driigaran (music language) C4 G4 C5 D5 B5 C5? Double-Dutch dridi-gag-dridi-gen? 12. Dutch draak ? 13. Elven/Drow Tagnikzur ? 14. Egg-Latin Dreggageggon ? 15. side dragon ? English ( fondness) dragun, dragoun ? 16.English (Old) draca ? Enochian Vovin (Voh-een)? 17. Esperanto drako, dragono? 18. Estonian draakon, lohe, lohemadu or tuuleuss (Wind Snake), lendav madu? 19. Euskera (dialect of the Basque Country) Erensuge ? 20. Faeroese eitt dreki, eitt flogdreki, ein fraenarormur ? Finnish lohikaarme, draakki, dragoni? 21. Fire Witch tongue Katash wei vorki (kah-TASH milk whey VOR-key) ? 22. Flambian kazyeeqen (comes from kazyee-aqen, excitement lizard) 23. ?Flemmish Draeke? French dragon,dragun, dargon ? 24. Gaelic Arach ? 25. German drache (pl. Drachen), Lindwurm, drake (pl. draken) ? 26. Greek drakon, drako.Male drakos (or thrakos), pistillate drakena (or thraken a) ? 27. Greek (ancient) Male drakkon (or thrakon), egg-producing(prenominal) drakkina (or thrakena) 28. ?Hawaiian Kelekona, (plural) Na Kelekona ? Hebrew drakon (plural) drakonim, Tanniym ? 29. Hungarian sarkany ? 30. Icelandic dreki 31. ?Indonesian Naga ? I 32. ranian Ejdeha 33. ?Islamic thuban, tinnin ? 34. Italian drago, dragone, volante, dragonessa ? 35. Nipponese ryu, tatsu ? 36. Jibberish gidadraggidaen (pronunced gid-a-drag-gid-ah-en)? 37. Klingon lunga puv (pronounced loong-AH poov) Flying enormous Lizard ? 38. Korean yong ?Latin draco, dracon, draco, dragon, dragoon, serpent,serpens 39. ?Luxembourgian Draach ? Middle earth Ency. Anguloce generic, Ramaloce winged dragon, Uruloce rout out breath dragon 40. ?Malay Naga 41. ?Milanese (Italy) Dragh, Draguun,Dragoon ? 42. unseasoned Zeland (Maori) tarakona ? 43. Norse ormr ? Norsk drake, dragonet, liten drake ? 44. Norse drage ? Oppish dropagoponop (pronounced drop-ag-op-an-op)? 45. Ourainic Barb Duxobum ? 46. Philippines male dragon short o, pistillate Dragona with a short o and a ? 47. Pig-Latin Agon-dray ? 48. cut down smok 49. ?Portuguese dragao ? 0. Quenya (elven) Loke, winged Ramaloke, sea Lingwiloke, fire Uruloke ? 51. Reinitian (of Reinita) Dralaghajh ? papist draco ? Romanian Dragon, (pl. Dragoni), Zmeu (pl. Zmei), dracul, drakul ? 52. Russian drakon ? Sanskrit naga (type of snake-human-dragon)? Slovenia Zmaj = Dragon, Hidra = Hydra.? 53. Spanish dragon, El Draque, Brujah? 54. Swedish drake, lindorm ? Swedish (Ancient) flugdrake, floghdraki? 55. Swiss German Dracha ? 56. Tagalog drakon ? 57. Thai mung-korn ? Works Cited Ancient Dinosaur Depictions. Genesis Park. N. p. , n. d. Web. 01 Dec. 2012. http//www. enesispark. com/exhibits/evidence/historical/ancient/dinosaur/. (Internet) Conner, Susan, and Linda Kitchen. Sciences Most Wanted The Top 10 Book of Outrageous Innovators, Deadly Disasters, and Shocking Discoveries. Washington, D. C. Brasseys, 2002. 210. Print. (Book) Crittendon, Ju les. Half-God, Half Beast. Boston Herald Boston 29 Jan. 1999 n. pag. Print. (Newspaper) Darwin, Charles (1859), The Origin of Species (London A. L. Burt). (Book) Guth, Alan and capital of Minnesota Steinhardt (1984), The Inflationary Universe, Scientific American, 250 116-128, May. (Magazine) Hawk, Ray, and E. E. Hubbard. What Is the Law of Conservation of yield? WiseGeek. Conjecture, 24 Sept. 2012. Web. 29 Nov. 2012. . (Internet) Job. King James Bible. Nashville, TN Holman Bible, 1973. Print. (reference) N. p. , n. d. Web. . (Internet) tin Meizeka. Personal interview. 29 Nov. 2012. Nazca Lines. , Peru. N. p. , n. d. Web. 30 Nov. 2012. http//www. sacred-destinations. com/peru/nazca-lines. (Internet)Neilson, William Allan, Thomas A. Knott, and capital of Minnesota W. Carhart. Websters New International Dictionary of the English Language. Springfield, MA G. & C. Merriam, 1960. Print. (Reference) Owen, Sir Richard. Report on British Fossil Reptiles. circumstances II. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 60-204 (1842) 42. Print. (Journal) Say Dragon How to Say Dragon in Many Languages. N. p. , n. d. Web. 29 Nov. 2012. . (Internet) Spain, Pat. Mokele Mbembe. The Beast Man. 7 Dec. 2012. Television. (Media) African nrgwenya ? 58. Afrikaans Draak ? 59.Arabic ah-teen (pl. tah-neen), (Al)Tineen, Plural (Al)Tananeen ? 60. Athebascin (Alasken) Manchu 61. ?Austrian Drachn, Lindwurm? 62. Bulgarian drakon (phonetic), a? aeii (Actual spelling) ? 63. Catalan (N/E Spain) drac ? 64. Chinese lung/long, Liung (Hakka dialect) ? Chinese old & new ? 65. Croatian/Serbian zmaj (pronounced zmai means Dragon), azdaja (pronounced azhdaya means Hydra) ? 66. Czech Drak, Draeek (Draaachek) ? 67. Danish drage 68. ?Dansk drage ? 69. Draconian Khoth, (pl. Khothu)? Driigaran (music language) C4 G4 C5 D5 B5 C5? Double-Dutch dridi-gag-dridi-gen? 70. Dutch draak ? 1. Elven/Drow Tagnikzur ? 72. Egg-Latin Dreggageggon ? 73. English dragon ? English (Middle) dragun , dragoun ? 74. English (Old) draca ? Enochian Vovin (Voh-een)? 75. Esperanto drako, dragono? 76. Estonian draakon, lohe, lohemadu or tuuleuss (Wind Snake), lendav madu? 77. Euskera (dialect of the Basque Country) Erensuge ? 78. Faeroese eitt dreki, eitt flogdreki, ein fraenarormur ? Finnish lohikaarme, draakki, dragoni? 79. Fire Witch tongue Katash wei vorki (kah-TASH whey VOR-key) ? 80. Flambian kazyeeqen (comes from kazyee-aqen, fire lizard) 81. ?Flemmish Draeke? French dragon,dragun, dargon ? 2. Gaelic Arach ? 83. German drache (pl. Drachen), Lindwurm, drake (pl. draken) ? 84. Greek drakon, drako. Male drakos (or thrakos), Female drakena (or thrakena) ? 85. Greek (ancient) Male drakkon (or thrakon), Female drakkina (or thrakena) 86. ?Hawaiian Kelekona, (plural) Na Kelekona ? Hebrew drakon (plural) drakonim, Tanniym ? 87. Hungarian sarkany ? 88. Icelandic dreki 89. ?Indonesian Naga ? I 90. ranian Ejdeha 91. ?Islamic thuban, tinnin ? 92. Italian drago, dragone, volante, dragonessa ? 93. Japanese ryu, tatsu ? 94. Jibberish gidadraggidaen (pronunced gid-a-drag-gid-ah-en)? 95.Klingon lunga puv (pronounced loong-AH poov) Flying Great Lizard ? 96. Korean yong ? Latin draco, dracon, draco, dragon, dragoon, serpent,serpens 97. ?Luxembourgian Draach ? Middle earth Ency. Anguloce generic, Ramaloce winged dragon, Uruloce fire breath dragon 98. ?Malay Naga 99. ?Milanese (Italy) Dragh, Draguun,Dragoon ? 100. New Zeland (Maori) tarakona ? 101. Norse ormr ? Norsk drake, dragonet, liten drake ? 102. Norwegian drage ? Oppish dropagoponop (pronounced drop-ag-op-an-op)? 103. Ourainic Barb Duxobum ? 104. Philippines male dragon short o, female Dragona with a short o and a ? 05. Pig-Latin Agon-dray ? 106. Polish smok 107. ?Portuguese dragao ? 108. Quenya (elven) Loke, winged Ramaloke, sea Lingwiloke, fire Uruloke ? 109. Reinitian (of Reinita) Dralaghajh ? Roman draco ? Romanian Dragon, (pl. Dragoni), Zmeu (pl. Zmei), dracul, drakul ? 110. Russian drakon ? Sanskrit naga (type o f snake-human-dragon)? Slovenia Zmaj = Dragon, Hidra = Hydra.? 111. Spanish dragon, El Draque, Brujah? 112. Swedish drake, lindorm ? Swedish (Ancient) flugdrake, floghdraki? 113. Swiss German Dracha ? 114. Tagalog drakon ? 115. Thai mung-korn ? Dragons in Different Cultures